Dr. Lucky Ogoo

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has evolved from an abstract philosophical concept and mathematical curiosity into one of the most transformative technological forces of the twenty-first century (Russell and Norvig, 2021; Copeland, 2000). By 2026, AI systems have become deeply embedded within global economic, political, scientific, and cultural infrastructures, reshaping how societies function at scale (Brynjolfsson and McAfee, 2014; Floridi et al., 2018). This dissertation-style review examines...

Ransomware is one of the most disruptive and financially damaging forms of cybercrime today. It is designed to deny access to data or systems, typically by encrypting files or locking entire networks, until a ransom is paid. In many modern attacks, threat actors also employ double extortion tactics, threatening to publish stolen data unless payment is made. Ransom demands are commonly requested in cryptocurrency to obscure the attacker’s identity and complicate law enforcement tracking.

A SIM Swap Attack (also known as SIM hijacking) is a rapidly evolving form of cybercrime in today’s digitally connected ecosystem. In this attack, cybercriminals take control of a victim’s mobile phone number, which is widely used as a digital identity anchor for authentication and account recovery.